Study on Printing Parameters for Circuit Line Width Using Piezoelectric Microdroplet Inkjet Technology

Piezoelectric microdroplet inkjet printing circuits are widely used in printed electronics manufacturing because of their high precision, non-contact nature, and flexibility. However, issues such as printing discontinuity and difficulty in controlling the line width have hindered the development of high-resolution circuits. This study addresses the challenge of controlling the circuit line width in inkjet printing by systematically investigating the influence of piezoelectric parameters and nozzle-to-substrate distance on line width formation. Through experimental design, key parameters were screened, and an optimized process parameter combination was obtained to achieve stable circuit printing. The experimental results indicate that the drive voltage and nozzle-to-substrate distance significantly affect the line width. The optimal process parameter combination was a nozzle height of 4 mm, piezoelectric pulse amplitude of 120 V, piezoelectric pulse holding time of $15 \mu \mathrm{~s}$, piezoelectric pulse frequency of 600 Hz, rise time of $\mathbf{3} \boldsymbol{\mu} \mathbf{s}$, fall time of $\mathbf{5} \boldsymbol{\mu} \mathbf{s}$, and negative pulse holding time of $\mathbf{1 5} \mu$ s. This provides a theoretical foundation for the industrial application of piezoelectric-inkjet technology in microcircuit manufacturing.