Research on performance of liquid cooling plate for topology optimization of lithium-ion battery

The design of liquid cooling plate structure is an important research direction for the liquid cooling system of lithium-ion batteries. In recent years, structural optimization techniques have been increasingly applied to the design of liquid cooling plates. Among them, topology optimization is a systematic method for obtaining the optimal material distribution, which can automatically form optimized cooling channels based on the objective function. This article uses a density model-based topology optimization method to calculate the channel structure of liquid cooling plates, analyzes the influence of initial model parameters, and then establishes a computational fluid dynamics simulation model to compare and analyze the performance differences between topological structures and rectangular liquid cooling plates in temperature distribution, velocity distribution, and inlet and outlet pressure drop. Finally, the accuracy of numerical calculation results is verified through an experimental platform. The comprehensive results show that the topology structure with initial values of q = 0.01, θ 0 = 0.5 andRe = 400 has better performance. Compared to traditional rectangular structures, the maximum temperature of topological structures has decreased by 1.62 K, reducing the proportion by about 0.53 %, and the temperature difference has decreased by 0.55 K, reducing the proportion by about 11.55 %. The maximum discrepancy between simulation and experimental measurements remains below 2.4 K, with a relative error under 1 %, both falling within acceptable tolerance thresholds. These findings validate the precision and reliability of the numerical simulation model outcomes. • Topology optimization of liquid cooling structure design based on density model. • Analyzing the Influence of Initial Parameters on the Model. • Establish a CFD model to analyze the differences of different liquid cooled plates. • Verify the accuracy of numerical calculation results through experimental platform.