Evaluating the Effect of Biofertilizer Dosages on Growth and Yield Parameters of Cauliflower in Mugu District, Nepal

Cauliflower (Brassica campestris var. botrytis) is an important cool-season vegetable crop in Nepal, contributing significantly to the rural economy and nutritional security. However, in remote high-hill districts like Mugu, cauliflower productivity remains suboptimal due to limited access to chemical fertilizers, poor soil fertility, and a lack of site-specific nutrient management practices. Farmers in these regions largely depend on locally available organic fertilizers, yet scientific evidence of their effectiveness remains scarce. To address this knowledge gap, a field experiment was conducted from April to July 2023 on a private farm in Chhayanath Rara Municipality-3, Mugu, Nepal, to evaluate the effects of various organic fertilizers on the growth, yield, and soil fertility status of the Snow hybrid variety of cauliflower. The study used a randomized complete block design with seven treatments; FYM + vermicompost, FYM, vermicompost, Jholmal, organic manure, sheep manure, and a control, replicated three times. Results revealed that vermicompost significantly outperformed other treatments, producing the highest plant height (49.70 cm), leaf number (28.64), plant spread (72.75 cm), curd depth (14.02 cm), curd diameter (25.37 cm), curd yield (962 g), and biological yield (1667 g). It also enhanced soil fertility, recording the highest nitrogen (0.14%), phosphorus (143 kg/ha), potassium (618 kg/ha), and organic matter content (2.9%). Nonetheless, a post-harvest decline in nutrient levels suggested that organic inputs alone may not suffice to sustain long-term soil health. This study highlights vermicompost as a promising option in resource-limited areas and underscores the need for integrated nutrient management strategies suited to high-altitude conditions like Mugu.