Multidisciplinary Management of Intravenous Leiomyomatosis: A Case Report

Intravenous leiomyomatosis (IVL) is an unusual smooth muscle tumor characterized by benign smooth muscle cells growing within blood vessels, often reaching the inferior vena cava, right atrium, and pulmonary vessels. The best treatment is complete surgical removal, and the outlook is typically positive, with recurrence occurring rarely. This report discusses a 38-year-old woman who was unexpectedly found to have intravenous leiomyomatosis extending from her uterus to the inferior vena cava and right atrium. She underwent one-stage surgery, which included total hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and removal of the lesions from the inferior vena cava and right atrium, all without the need for thoracotomy.