Vital Pulp Capping: Historical Review and Update

The vital pulp capping aims to keep the exposed pulp aliveby treating it. Secondary dentin, peritubular dentin (sclerosis), and reparative dentin are all products of living pulp tissue, which responds to biological and pathologic factors during a tooth's lifetime. Vital Pulp Capping revealed numerous research and published articles. Subsequently, this historical review intended to focus on the historical application of different materials used for preserving the vitality of the tooth pulp and indirect pulp capping, including Calcium phosphate, Calcium hydroxide, Zinc oxide eugenol cement, Corticosteroids and antibiotics, and others in published articles. A comprehensive electronic search was done using selected terms including Pulp capping agent, Stimulate reparative dentin formation, Maintain pulpal vitality, Release fluoride to prevent secondary caries, and Bactericidal or bacteriostatic, Adhere to dentin in different databasesfor relevant published literature. The results showed various published articles over centuries on the development of different materials used to preserve the vitality of the tooth pulp.In conclusion, this review article revealed numerous published articles that displayed the development and application of materials used for tooth pulp capping. The author recommends addressing the limitation factors faced during this study to improve the reliability and contribution of Vital Pulp Capping in clinical applications.