Basic concepts and mechanisms of business model transformation

The paper examines the transformation of business models as a multifactor process driven by the interaction of external and internal factors and requiring a comprehensive approach to change management. The introduction substantiates the relevance of the topic in the context of rapid technological, economic, and social shifts, and emphasizes the importance of business model adaptability for maintaining competitiveness. Modern scholarly approaches to defining the essence of a business model and its design are analyzed, in particular the Business Model Canvas, the activity system, and the concept of dynamic capabilities, which explain the mechanisms of business model adaptation and development. It is noted that the optimal approach to managing transformations combines structured and systemic perspectives, ensuring both operational controllability and strategic flexibility. The purpose of the paper is to explore the conceptual foundations of business model transformation and to identify the factors and approaches that ensure their effective adaptation to changes in the external and internal environment. The research results include: systematization of business model transformation factors according to the logic of the Business Model Canvas; characterization of business model design as a tool for both modular and radical restructuring; determination of the role of dynamic capabilities (sensing, seizing, transforming) in ensuring adaptability; description of the transformation mechanism as a sequence of stages from change initiation to results evaluation; substantiation of the advantages of a hybrid approach combining the Business Model Canvas and the Activity System. The conclusions confirm that business model design is a key factor in successful transformation, as it determines the transparency of the change process, its flexibility, and strategic coherence. The proposed conceptual and methodological framework can serve as a scientific basis for further research, as well as a practical tool for strategic planning and implementation of adaptive and resilient business models in a dynamic environment.