Interdependence modeling of wind farm frequency support feasible region: A non-iterative system-wide dynamic characteristics scheduling

The provision of frequency regulation support (FRS) services by wind farms (WFs) is of crucial importance for frequency stability of power systems with high-penetration renewable energy. With time-varying wind speed, real-time scheduling for the FRS characteristics of WFs is essential for ensuring the security of system frequency and dynamic power flow (PF). However, the extensive number of wind turbines (WTs) and interdependence of frequency support capabilities (FSCs) among WFs contribute to the complexity of FRS dynamics, rendering the quantification of FRS security of WTs challenging, especially in the absence of precise WT parameters. Therefore, this paper proposes a data-driven method for modeling interdependence of FSCs across WFs. Utilizing space transformation, the original complex nonlinear FRS dynamics of WTs are transformed into a dimension-augmented linear model, facilitating the construction of an analytical expression for FSCs. On this basis, an optimal scheduling model considering the interdependent characteristics of FSCs is developed, which can be solved by employing a hybrid algorithm combining Kriging-assisted surrogate with piecewise elite learning strategy. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method enables fast online scheduling of FRS characteristics for WFs, minimizing FRS costs while maintaining system frequency, WTs, and PF security, and enhances computational efficiency by 98.54 % without reliance on physical parameters. • System-wide scheduling with interdependent dynamics eliminates multiple iterations. • Optimized coefficients ensure security of frequency, turbines, and power flow. • Data-driven dimension-augmented method constructs interdependent feasible regions. • Integrating kriging-assisted agent and elite learning enables efficient solutions.

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Publication Details

Journal
Applied Energy
Published
2025-09-04
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.126687
Primary Topic
Electric Power System Optimization
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

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article

Interdependence modeling of wind farm frequency support feasible region: A non-iterative system-wide dynamic characteristics scheduling

Guo Li, Xialin Li, Jiebei Zhu, Zhongguan Wang et al.
Applied Energy
Electric Power System Optimization
article

Interdependence modeling of wind farm frequency support feasible region: A non-iterative system-wide dynamic characteristics scheduling

Guo Li, Xialin Li, Jiebei Zhu, Zhongguan Wang, Chengshan Wang, Jiaqing Zhai
article en

Abstract

The provision of frequency regulation support (FRS) services by wind farms (WFs) is of crucial importance for frequency stability of power systems with high-penetration renewable energy. With time-varying wind speed, real-time scheduling for the FRS characteristics of WFs is essential for ensuring the security of system frequency and dynamic power flow (PF). However, the extensive number of wind turbines (WTs) and interdependence of frequency support capabilities (FSCs) among WFs contribute to the complexity of FRS dynamics, rendering the quantification of FRS security of WTs challenging, especially in the absence of precise WT parameters. Therefore, this paper proposes a data-driven method for modeling interdependence of FSCs across WFs. Utilizing space transformation, the original complex nonlinear FRS dynamics of WTs are transformed into a dimension-augmented linear model, facilitating the construction of an analytical expression for FSCs. On this basis, an optimal scheduling model considering the interdependent characteristics of FSCs is developed, which can be solved by employing a hybrid algorithm combining Kriging-assisted surrogate with piecewise elite learning strategy. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method enables fast online scheduling of FRS characteristics for WFs, minimizing FRS costs while maintaining system frequency, WTs, and PF security, and enhances computational efficiency by 98.54 % without reliance on physical parameters. • System-wide scheduling with interdependent dynamics eliminates multiple iterations. • Optimized coefficients ensure security of frequency, turbines, and power flow. • Data-driven dimension-augmented method constructs interdependent feasible regions. • Integrating kriging-assisted agent and elite learning enables efficient solutions.

Applied EnergyVol. 401
National Natural Science Foundation of China, National Key Research and Development Program of China, National Key Research and Development Program of China Stem Cell and Translational Research
Openalex Percentile: Top 77%
Electric Power System Optimization
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