Load Frequency Control of an Islanded Microgrid using MPC based Virtual Inertial Control

The increased integration of renewable energy sources (RESs) and the consequent reduction in total system inertia has made load frequency control (LFC) in current power systems, especially in microgrids, more difficult. When combined with RESs like wind and solar, it can result in continuous frequency fluctuations in microgrids, which in extreme circumstances may create system instability, power outages, or even complete system blackouts. Here, a virtual inertia (VI)-based and auxiliary control is suggested for an islanded and non-linear microgrid system. It helps to overcome the problems related to the integration of intermittent power sources and the frequency instability that results. The auxiliary control uses a battery energy storage system (BESS) to supply VI. Here, a conventional proportional integral (PI) controller and an advanced model predictive control (MPC) are used as the auxiliary controller in the virtual inertia system. This paper, also analyze the impact of data loss in the communication channel in the microgrid LFC system with different control schemes. And the performance is evaluated for the suggested control scheme in an islanded microgrid integrated with thermal system, wind power generation and solar power generation. The results show that the suggested control methods provide better frequency regulation performance when dealing with RES integration and data loss in the communication channel also.