COSINE-100 full dataset challenges the annual modulation signal of DAMA/LIBRA
For over 25 years, the DAMA/LIBRA collaboration has claimed to observe an annual modulation signal, suggesting the existence of dark matter interactions. However, no experiment using different target materials has observed a dark matter signal consistent with their result. To address this puzzle, the COSINE-100 collaboration conducted a model-independent test using sodium iodide crystal detectors, the same target material as DAMA/LIBRA. Analyzing data collected over 6.4 years by the effective mass of 61.3 kilograms, with improved energy calibration and time-dependent background modeling, we found no evidence of an annual modulation signal, challenging the DAMA/LIBRA result with a confidence level greater than 3σ. This finding represents a substantial step toward resolving the long-standing debate surrounding DAMA/LIBRA's dark matter claim, indicating that the observed modulation is unlikely to be caused by dark matter interactions.
Authors
- E. K. Lee
- K. S. Park
- N.J.C. Spooner
- H. J. Kim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9787-4684)
- Y. J. Ko (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5055-8745)
- H. Park (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6966-1689)
- R. L. C. Pitta (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1295-0508)
- N. T. Luan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6617-2522)
- B. B. Manzato
- J. Kim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7869-4749)
- D. F. F. S. Cavalcante
- Jin Cho (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0984-7852)
- A. C. Ezeribe (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1604-2304)
- D. S. Leonard (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7159-4792)
- R. J. Neal
- I. S. Lee (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7786-323X)
- Seung Mok Lee (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7326-3317)
- Sophia J. Hollick (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7728-7597)
- Gyun Ho Yu
- Won Kyung Kim
- I. S. Hahn
- L. E. França (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2911-6803)
- Se Dong Park
- Byung Ju Park
- S. L. Olsen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6388-9885)
- Y. H. Kim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8569-6400)
- Seo Hyun Lee
- H. Prihtiadi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9541-8087)
- R. Maruyama (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2794-512X)
- K.W. Kim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7639-9511)
- Y. J. Lee
- C. Rott (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6958-6033)
- Myungwoo Son (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5854-6386)
- H.S. Park (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5530-1407)
- M. Kauer
- Jaison Lee
- E. J. Jeon (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5942-8907)
- J.J. Choi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7913-4156)
- S. Ra
- C. Ha (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9598-8589)
- Y.D. Kim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2471-8044)
- Lam Tan Truc (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7830-3345)
- Jooyoung Lee
- Sunghyun Kim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-5781)
- Hyunseok Lee (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4980-9455)
- Jong-Chul Park (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1276-875X)
- M. H. Lee (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4082-1677)
- Hye Young Lee (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4842-8551)
- H. S. Lee (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0444-8473)
- S.K. Kim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0013-0775)
- S. Choi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9448-969X)
- Lina Yang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5272-050X)
- Han Wool Joo
- B. Kim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0958-5503)
- Keon Ah Shin
- D. M. Lee (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2100-839X)
- N. Carlin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9230-1091)
- W. G. Kang
- Vitor Hugo de Almeida Machado
Institutions
- State University of Malang (ID)
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- Ewha Womans University (KR)
- Seoul National University (KR)
- Universidade de São Paulo (BR)
- Chungnam National University (KR)
- Korea University (KR)
- University of Utah (US)
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KR)
- Kyungpook National University (KR)
- Yale University (US)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Institute for Basic Science (KR)
- Chung-Ang University (KR)
- Jeju National University (KR)
- Sungkyunkwan University (KR)
- Korea University of Science and Technology (KR)
- University of Sheffield (GB)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Science Advances
- Published
- 2025-09-03
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adv6503
- Citations
- 2
- Primary Topic
- Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 3.74