Maintenance and Utilization of Goguryeo World Cultural Heritage in the Ji’an Region

This paper examines the maintenance status and current utilization practices of the Goguryeo World Cultural Heritage sites located in Ji’an City, Jilin Province, China. Ji’an has carried out extensive investigation, maintenance, and conservation projects centered on key heritage sites designated as UNESCO World Cultural Heritage. These include Gungnae Fortress, Hwando Mountain Fortress, the Janggun Tomb, the King Gwanggaeto Stele, the Sansongha Tomb Cluster, and the Mural Tombs. For Gungnae Fortress and Hwando Mountain Fortress, archaeological excavation and restoration of walls and various auxiliary facilities have been undertaken, along with efforts to improve the surrounding environment. In the cases of the Janggun Tomb and the King Gwanggaeto Stele, continuous monitoring of the monuments and their surrounding topography has been conducted. As for the Sansongha Tomb Cluster, aerial photography and 3D modeling were carried out for selected tombs, and part of the area has been developed into an “Outdoor Museum of Goguryeo Tombs.” Regarding the mural tombs, data have been systematically collected to prevent deterioration of the murals, and scientific preservation measures have been implemented alongside 3D restoration efforts. These active initiatives by Ji’an City for the investigation, maintenance, and protection of the Goguryeo heritage sites reflect a strategic approach to promote the sites as key local tourism assets, aligned with the city’s broader policy of developing a “Specialized Excellent Tourist City.” In tandem with these efforts, Ji’an has continuously enhanced its tourism infrastructure and service quality centered around the heritage sites. As a result, the Goguryeo Cultural Heritage Scenic Area was elevated to the status of a National 5A-Level Scenic Area, the highest rating for tourist attractions in China. Ji’an’s strategy to specialize as an “Excellent Tourist City” through the utilization of Goguryeo cultural heritage has achieved notable outcomes, including increased numbers of tourists and higher tourism revenues. The Goguryeo heritage has thus been actively employed as a core branding asset for the city. However, the rapid influx of tourists poses a risk of heritage degradation, and unchecked development driven by commercial interests threatens to undermine the historical value and authenticity of the Goguryeo sites. Such concerns underscore the need for sustained monitoring and critical attention to the preservation of these invaluable cultural assets.