Optimization of HHO Gas Production in Alkaline Dry-Type HHO Kit Using Various Electrode and Electrolyte Configurations

This research investigates the optimization of a dry-type alkaline HHO kit for efficient oxyhydrogen (HHO) gas production, targeting applications in small (two-wheel vehicle) internal combustion engines (ICE). Key experimental parameters were evaluated to enhance gas production and system efficiency, including voltage, electrode configuration, electrolyte type, and concentration. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) was identified as a more effective electrolyte than potassium hydroxide (KOH) due to its lower electronegativity, which contributes to accelerating HHO gas production. The highest overall efficiency, 24.6%, was achieved with a 0.1M NaOH solution using stainless steel (SS) as the anode and Titanium (Ti) as the cathode, and SS paired with graphite scored 23.1%. Voltage levels positively influenced gas production, although higher potentials resulted in electrode surface oxidation and decreased efficiency. The optimum voltage range of 4.5V to 5.2V for SS with graphite and 4.2V to 5.2V for SS with Ti configurations was provided. The study concludes that the SS-Ti and SS-Graphite configurations are optimal options for HHO gas production, minimizing heat generation and energy consumption while enhancing gas output. These findings suggest significant potential for improving fuel efficiency and reducing greenhouse gas emissions in two-wheel vehicle four-stroke gasoline engines (100cc to 150cc).

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Published
2025-09-01
DOI
https://doi.org/10.46488/nept.2025.v24i03.d1728
Citations
1
Primary Topic
Advancements in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.52

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article

Optimization of HHO Gas Production in Alkaline Dry-Type HHO Kit Using Various Electrode and Electrolyte Configurations

ML Siriwardena, Udara S.P.R. Arachchige, A. R. Nihmiya, Gamunu S. Arachchige
1 citations
Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Advancements in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
0.52
article

Optimization of HHO Gas Production in Alkaline Dry-Type HHO Kit Using Various Electrode and Electrolyte Configurations

ML Siriwardena, Udara S.P.R. Arachchige, A. R. Nihmiya, Gamunu S. Arachchige
article en
1 citations

Abstract

This research investigates the optimization of a dry-type alkaline HHO kit for efficient oxyhydrogen (HHO) gas production, targeting applications in small (two-wheel vehicle) internal combustion engines (ICE). Key experimental parameters were evaluated to enhance gas production and system efficiency, including voltage, electrode configuration, electrolyte type, and concentration. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) was identified as a more effective electrolyte than potassium hydroxide (KOH) due to its lower electronegativity, which contributes to accelerating HHO gas production. The highest overall efficiency, 24.6%, was achieved with a 0.1M NaOH solution using stainless steel (SS) as the anode and Titanium (Ti) as the cathode, and SS paired with graphite scored 23.1%. Voltage levels positively influenced gas production, although higher potentials resulted in electrode surface oxidation and decreased efficiency. The optimum voltage range of 4.5V to 5.2V for SS with graphite and 4.2V to 5.2V for SS with Ti configurations was provided. The study concludes that the SS-Ti and SS-Graphite configurations are optimal options for HHO gas production, minimizing heat generation and energy consumption while enhancing gas output. These findings suggest significant potential for improving fuel efficiency and reducing greenhouse gas emissions in two-wheel vehicle four-stroke gasoline engines (100cc to 150cc).

Nature Environment and Pollution TechnologyVol. 24(3)
University of Sri Jayewardenepura
Openalex Percentile: Top 33%
Advancements in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
0.52
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