Combined Experimental and Numerical Study on Wind Resistance of a Long-Span Steel Truss Arch Bridge During Construction

Introduction: During construction, long-span steel truss arch bridges exhibit complex structural behaviors and are vulnerable to wind-induced vibrations. Effective evaluation of wind resistance during critical construction stages remains challenging. The objective of this research is to investigate the wind-resistant performance of a large-scale steel truss arch bridge during construction using experimental and numerical approaches, with insights into recent relevant patents on wind-resistant measures for bridge construction. Methods: A large-scale aeroelastic full-bridge wind tunnel test was performed alongside refined finite element (FE) analyses of different construction stages. FE models were established to characterize the dynamic behavior evolution throughout construction. Wind-induced responses under critical construction scenarios, particularly at the maximum cantilever state, were experimentally measured and numerically validated. Results: Results indicated significant variations in structural dynamic characteristics throughout different construction stages. Among these, the maximum cantilever stage exhibited the most pronounced wind-induced response, with increased sensitivity to wind loading. Combining wind tunnel experiments with FE analysis provided an accurate assessment of the bridge's wind resistance. The effectiveness of proposed wind-resistant measures specifically designed for construction phases, aligned with recent patented technologies, was demonstrated through substantial reductions in wind-induced vibrations. Discussion: The comparative study between experimental and numerical methods highlights the complementary strengths of both approaches in capturing wind-induced responses during construction. The proposed mitigation strategies not only align with patented wind control technologies but also provide practical insight into construction-stage wind safety for similar bridge types. Conclusion: The integrated methodology employing wind tunnel tests and finite element simulations effectively assessed and enhanced the wind resistance performance during the construction of long-span steel truss arch bridges. Findings of this study offer valuable guidance for wind-resistant design and construction management of similar large-scale bridge projects, contributing to advancements outlined in recent patents related to wind mitigation technologies for bridge engineering.