Integrating Layered Thermal Management in Solar Still-Pond Systems for Optimal Water Purification

This study presents a solar still integrated with a solar pond, employing a layered thermal management system to enhance water distillation efficiency. The design includes an Upper Converting Layer (UCL) for rapid heat absorption, a Middle Converting Layer (MCL) for consistent heat transfer, and a Lower Converting Layer (LCL) for sustained thermal retention, achieving respective thermal efficiencies of 50%, 71%, and 86%. The system improves distillate yield by 35% compared to conventional methods, ensuring continuous operation even at night. Cost-effectiveness is demonstrated through reduced energy input, and enhanced thermal design supports higher output in regions with intense solar radiation. Experimental results show significant improvements in evaporation rates, condensation cycles, and overall productivity. This layered approach effectively addresses water scarcity by providing a sustainable and scalable desalination solution for rural and industrial applications, ensuring environmental and economic viability in high-demand regions.