Organ donation and transplantation in the Russian Federation in 2024. 17th Report from the Registry of the Russian Transplant Society

Objective : to assess the current status and development trends in organ donation and transplantation in the Russian Federation based on data from the year 2024. Materials and methods . A survey was conducted among transplant center directors. The Russian Ministry of Health’s information accounting system was used for data verification. Comparative analysis was carried out to evaluate trends over time, differences across regions of the Russian Federation, and variations among transplant centers. Results . Based on data retrieved from the National Registry in 2024, there were 49 kidney transplant programs, 38 liver transplant programs, and 21 heart transplant programs operating in the Russian Federation. The donor activity rate was 6.7 per million population (p.m.p.). Multi-organ procurement accounted for 78.5% of cases, with an average of 3.0 organs retrieved per effective donor. A total of 3,307 organ transplants were performed in 2024, including 1,943 kidney transplants, 894 liver transplants, and 426 heart transplants. This represents an 8.2% increase in organ transplants compared to 2023. In Moscow, organ donation activity reached 31.6 p.m.p. A total of 12 transplant centers operated in Moscow and Moscow Oblast, collectively performing 54.0% of all kidney transplants and 67.3% of all extrarenal transplants nationwide. The number of patients living with transplanted organs in the Russian Federation exceeds 155.1 p.m.p. Conclusion . The network of transplant centers in the Russian Federation continues to expand, with three new transplant programs launched in 2024. Over the past year, both the number of effective donors and the volume of organ transplants have increased. The resource potential of medical institutions has not yet been fully utilized, allowing for further growth in transplant activity. Moscow remains the central driver of transplant medicine in Russia. Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs and its branch account for 27.1% of all organ transplants performed nationally. Successful regional transplant programs are also underway in the Republic of Tatarstan, Kemerovo Oblast (Kuzbass), St. Petersburg and Leningrad Oblast, Novosibirsk Oblast, and Krasnoyarsk Krai. Notably, the Russian Federation places a strong priority on providing pediatric transplant care.