Implementation of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols in liver transplantation

Background . Liver transplantation (LT) is one of the most complex surgical procedures, presenting significant challenges in preoperative preparation, intraoperative management, and postoperative rehabilitation. These complexities make it demanding both technically and logistically. The introduction of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols has revolutionized perioperative care across numerous surgical disciplines, leading to improved patient outcomes and reduced healthcare costs. However, the application of ERAS protocols in LT remains limited and inconsistent, with considerable variation in implementation strategies across institutions. Objective : to summarize current knowledge and assess an overview of implementation and outcomes of ERAS protocols in LT recipients. Materials and methods . A structured literature search was conducted using the keywords «ERAS» and «liver transplantation» across major scientific databases. The review included a range of relevant publications, including review articles, clinical trials, observational studies, and case-control studies. Conclusion . ERAS protocols in LT are designed to optimize postoperative recovery, improve clinical outcomes, and minimize the risk of complications. Given the complexity and individuality of each LT case, ERAS pathways must be carefully tailored to the recipient’s clinical condition, donor characteristics, and intraoperative variables.