The Effect of Storage Duration and Temperature on the Biochemical and Physiological Quality of Red Blood Cells

Background: Red blood cell (RBC) storage induces biochemical and biophysical changes that impair cell quality and transfusion efficacy. Understanding these storage lesions is critical to optimize blood banking practices. Objective: This study investigates the effects of storage duration and temperature on RBC membrane integrity, deformability, metabolic status, and hemolysis. Methods: RBC units were stored under controlled temperature conditions, and samples were analyzed periodically for membrane composition, microvesiculation, rheological properties, morphology, metabolic markers, and hemolysis rates. Results: Prolonged storage resulted in significant membrane alterations, increased microvesiculation, reduced deformability, metabolic decline, and elevated hemolysis, particularly at suboptimal temperatures. Conclusions: Storage duration and temperature critically affect RBC quality, emphasizing the need for improved storage protocols to enhance transfusion outcomes.