Could the First Trimester Complete Blood Cell Indices Be Used to Predict Adverse Outcomes in Pregnant Women with Asthma?

The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of complete blood cell indices, specifically the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and systemic immune-response index (SIRI), in predicting composite adverse outcomes in pregnant women with asthma. This study employed a retrospective cohort design, enrolling 307 low-risk pregnant women and 97 pregnant women with asthma. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and systemic immune-response index (SIRI) were compared between pregnant women with asthma and the low-risk pregnancy group in the first trimester. A significant difference was observed in the first trimester SII between pregnant women with asthma and the low-risk pregnancy group (p=0.034). The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and systemic immune response index (SIRI) demonstrated no significant differences between the groups. Moreover, pregnant women with asthma had significantly higher eosinophil count values as expected. The first trimester white blood cell count (WBC) and platelet count (PLT) were found to be significantly higher in the asthma group (p=0.014 and p=0.031, respectively). In the asthma group, no significant difference was found between the composite adverse pregnancy outcomes due to SII, SIRI, and NLR. Pregnant women with asthma exhibited significantly elevated values for SII, WBC, PLT and eosinophils. In our study, we observed no association between groups in complete blood cell indices due to the composite adverse effects of pregnancy. Further studies with larger groups are required to evaluate the efficacy of complete blood cell indices in pregnant women with asthma.