Study of ternary nanoparticles in Oldroyd-B fluid using ethylene glycol

This paper presents the expansion of an analytical model for the performance of Oldroyd-B nanofluid, where ethylene glycol is assumed as the base fluid and copper (Cu) tri-nanoparticles are introduced for nanofluid preparation. A systematic strategy is established by converting the related nonlinear governing equations into dimensionless form. To find analytical solutions for the research problem, the Laplace transformation is used as a key tool. This research includes a review of the effects of important variables on the temperature and velocity patterns inside the fluid. In particular, for greater values of the volume fraction of nanoparticles, the temperature is enhanced while a decline in velocity is observed. For comparison is done by choosing different base fluids like kerosene and ethylene glycol and velocities are tested at various temperatures and velocities. The profile can be enhanced for kerosene. Comparative analysis is done by comparing the obtained results to those produced by the mathematical software Mathcad.