NANOCOMPOSITE PREPARATION WITH LIDOCAINE FOR PAIN CONTROL IN WOUND PROCESS CONDITIONS

The article presents the results of a study on a nanocomposite preparation for local pain control in wound healing based on highly dispersed pyrogenic silicon dioxide with immobilized lidocaine hydrochloride. A synthesis method for the nanocomposite was developed by impregnating silica nanoparticles with a lidocaine hydrochloride solution followed by ultrasound homogenization and lyophilization. To study the properties of the preparation, the release kinetics of the active substance were analyzed using the classical diffusion method in an aqueous medium and the vertical Franz diffusion cell method, simulating conditions of transdermal penetration through the skin. Under conditions of excess aqueous medium, rapid release of up to 78% of lidocaine was observed within the first 5 minutes, ensuring a possibility of immediate analgesic effect. The subsequent slowdown of release was attributed to the formation of hydrogen bonds between lidocaine molecules and the silanol groups on the silica surface. Molecular modeling confirmed the existence of such hydrogen bonds with an energy of approximately 30 kJ/mol. The Franz diffusion cell method demonstrated a more gradual and controlled release of the active substance, corresponding to transdermal drug delivery applications. It was found that the temperature significantly affects the desorption rate of lidocaine hydrochloride, whereas pH and osmotic pressure have minimal impact. The nanocomposite was shown to provide both an immediate analgesic effect due to the rapid release of unbound lidocaine hydrochloride and a prolonged effect resulting from the gradual release of hydrogen- bonded molecules. This mechanism of action makes the nanocomposite suitable for clinical situations where both immediate and long-lasting pain relief are important, particularly when frequent dressing changes are limited, including in field conditions. The presented study confirms the potential of nanotechnology-based approaches for the development of topical drug delivery systems aimed at controlled anesthesia. The obtained results may be utilized for the further development of efficient pharmaceutical forms based on highly dispersed carriers with controlled active substance release, which is particularly relevant in the context of modern personalized medicine and pharmacy focused on minimizing adverse effects. The study expands scientific understanding of the desorption kinetics of anesthetics from nanocomposite systems and substantiates further directions for nanocarrier modification to optimize therapeutic outcomes.