Emergence of Robust 1D Atomic and Electronic Textures in Mn Ultrathin Films via Antiferromagnet‐Ferromagnet Interfaces

1D electronic structures on 2D crystalline surfaces are crucial for investigating low-dimensional quantum phenomena and enabling the development of dimensionally engineered nanodevices. However, the inherent periodic symmetry of 2D atomic lattices generally leads to delocalized electronic band extending across the surface, making the creation of periodic 1D electronic states a significant challenge. Here, robust 1D electronic ordering is demonstrated in ultrathin Mn films grown on an atomically flat, non-reconstructed body-centered cubic Fe substrate. Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy revealed stripe-like patterns aligned along the <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics><mml:mrow><mml:mo>[</mml:mo> <mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mover><mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>¯</mml:mo></mml:mover> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:mrow> <mml:mo>]</mml:mo></mml:mrow> <mml:annotation>$[ {1\bar 10} ]$</mml:annotation></mml:semantics> </mml:math> direction, with periodicities of 2.5 and 5 atomic rows in the Mn monolayer and bilayer, respectively. The bilayer further exhibits energy-dependent phase variations. Density functional theory indicates that magnetic frustration in the quasi-hexagonal Mn lattice drives out-of-plane atomic displacements, stabilizing the 1D order. The resulting electronic textures are stable at room temperature and resilient to defects. These findings establish a platform for designing intrinsic 1D electronic patterns in 2D films, with broad implications for spintronics, quantum devices, and molecular-scale engineering.