Evaluating Earthquake-Induced Damage in Hatay Following the 2023 Kahramanmaraş Earthquake Sequence: Tectonic, Geotechnical, and Structural Engineering Insights

On 6 February 2023, two devastating earthquakes struck the Kahramanmaraş region in southeastern Türkiye, causing widespread destruction across multiple provinces. Among the most severely affected areas was Hatay, where this study conducted a comprehensive post-earthquake field investigation. The research integrates tectonic, geological, and seismic analyses with structural performance assessments of reinforced concrete and masonry buildings. Particular attention is given to the influence of local soil conditions and geomorphological features on damage distribution. Ground motion records are evaluated alongside observed structural failures to identify key vulnerability factors. The findings highlight critical deficiencies in construction practices and regulatory compliance, and the study concludes with recommendations aimed at enhancing seismic resilience through improved code enforcement, site-specific design strategies, and rigorous quality control during construction to reduce future loss of life and property.