FRACTIONAL-ORDER PID CONTROLLED DER-BASED EV CHARGING STATION WITH SEAMLESS GRID CONNECTION

This research presents a novel framework for an electric vehicle (EV) charging station based on distributed energy resources (DERs) powered by hybrid renewable sources, including solar photovoltaic (PV) and fuel cells.A common DC bus infrastructure is employed to facilitate bidirectional power flow, enabling both charging and discharging of EVs in grid-connected and islanded modes.The proposed system enhances charging efficiency at higher voltage levels, improves reliability, and ensures seamless grid integration.To achieve robust voltage and current regulation, a Fractional-Order PID (FOPID) controller is implemented, which offers superior dynamic response, resilience, and flexibility compared to conventional PID controllers.This advanced control strategy allows smooth mode transitions through static transfer switches (STS-1/0), ensuring uninterrupted operation under varying grid conditions.Furthermore, the integration of an adaptive comb-filter technique with FOPID control in grid-tied mode ensures compliance with IEEE power quality standards by minimizing harmonics and enhancing system performance.The proposed approach guarantees reliable power delivery to critical loads while maintaining high-quality power output.Validation under weak grid scenarios demonstrates the effectiveness of the system, confirming its ability to provide seamless operation, improved power quality, and sustainable EV charging through renewable-based DER integration.