The Role of Holograms in Medicine: Revolutionizing Surgical Navigation and Beyond

Background: Holography provides realistic three-dimensional (3D) visualization, which enhances surgical procedure accuracy and anatomical comprehension.Its clinical utility has increased as a result of its integration with technologies such as augmented reality (AR), computer-generated holography (CGH), and mixed reality (MR).Objective: To review the use of holography in surgery for training, diagnostics, intraoperative navigation, and planning.Methods: Seventy-seven studies from PubMed, IEEE Xplore, and Google Scholar published between 1981 and 2025 were examined.Clinical trials, technical assessments, simulations, and feasibility studies were among the study types.Findings: Multiple specialties, including neurosurgery, cardiothoracic surgery, orthopedics, and urology, have used holography.Improved training results, decreased radiation exposure, increased anatomical visualization, and surgical accuracy were among the benefits that were reported.AR platforms, CGH, and MR headsets were frequently utilized. Conclusion:Holography is developing into a useful surgical instrument that increasingly influences workflow efficiency, safety, and education.