Discharge Coefficient and Pressure Loss Characteristics of Multi-Branch Oil Jet Nozzles

In aeronautic industry applications, multi-branch oil jet nozzles are commonly employed to supply lubricating oil, ensuring adequate thermal regulation and friction control for high-speed gears or bearings. The geometric and operational parameters of these nozzles significantly affect the internal flow dynamics and discharge coefficient characteristics. This study presents a numerical investigation into the flow behavior and discharge coefficient of multi-branch oil jet nozzles under typical pressure conditions (0–0.5 MPa) for various orifice sizes and angles. Then, compared to the original theoretical method, the pressure correction equation leveraging the fitting curve method is determined to improve the prediction accuracy of the theoretical method of oil mass flow rate and enhanced by over an order of magnitude. Furthermore, the flow behavior and mass flow properties of multi-branch nozzles, featuring various configurations and distinct orifice angles, are also investigated amply by comparing the numerical and theoretical findings.