CHARACTERISTICS OF ECONOMICALLY USEFUL TRAITS OF SIMMENTAL COWS DEPENDING ON THEIR ORIGIN

The article provides an analysis of the economically useful traits of Simmental cows depending on their origin. An analysis of the live weight dynamics of heifers showed that animals from the Dirigent line demonstrated the highest live weight at 15 months of age – 375.9 kg, which significantly exceeded the similar indicators of animals from other lines: by 13.13 kg – Randi, by 14.5 kg – Morello, by 20.7 kg – Regio and by 23.7 kg – Horror. The difference with other groups at 18 months ranged from 3.2 to 22.2 kg. The milk yield of cows, depending on lactation and line, ranged from 4737 kg to 6946 kg. It should be noted that animals of the Randy and Morello lines demonstrate an advantage over their peers of other lines from the first to the third lactation. The difference in milk yield between these groups is: I lactation – 440 kg (↓ Morello), II – 220.4 (↓ Morello), III – 390.5 (↓ Morello). Morello line cows are characterised by the highest milk productivity in the IV lactation. Their milk yield was higher than that of animals from the Randy, Regio, Dirigent, and Horror lines by 856 kg, 787 kg, 507 kg, and 388 kg, respectively. An analysis of the milk productivity of the daughters of different breeding bulls of different lines shows that the highest milk yields were observed in the bull Expert’ daughters, which were distinguished by the maximum average milk yield per lactation – 7.947 kg, as well as the highest values of milk fat content – 309 kg and protein – 302 kg. The lowest milk productivity was registered in bull Incubus’ daughters, in particular milk yield – 6.908 kg, fat – 265 kg and protein – 213 kg. An analysis of reproductive performance indicators showed that the daughters of Valuta bulls had a shorter service period (110 days) and the highest reproductive performance coefficient (0.92), indicating their high reproductive capacity.