Development of Specific Physical Fitness Training to Improve Tennis Skills in Primary School Students in Guangzhou

Background and Aim: The research examines how specific physical fitness training improves tennis skills in primary school students in Guangzhou, focusing on strength and flexibility components. The research objectives were (1) to compare the effects of a specific fitness training program on improving tennis skills in primary school students between experimental and control groups. (2) to compare the effects of a specific physical fitness training program within the experimental group, pretest, midtest, and posttest. (3) to develop a specific physical fitness training program to improve primary school students' tennis skills. Materials and Methods: This study was quasi-experimental research that used simple random sampling of subjects, who were 60 tennis students from the tennis club at Guangzhou Zhenguang Primary School. They were divided into the control and experimental groups with systematic sampling based on tennis skills score, each group with 30 people. They were pretested with tennis skills and specific fitness, and then the specific physical fitness training was conducted for the experimental group for an 8-week training duration, 3 days each week, and 120 minutes each session, and the normal training was conducted in the control group. Then posttest after training for week 4, 8. The mean and standard deviation, t-test, independent, one-way ANOVA repeated measurement, and Bonferroni post hoc were conducted for data analysis with the computer statistic package. Results: The results found that (1) the mean comparison of tennis skills and specific fitness between experimental and control groups was significantly different (* p <.05). (2) Mean comparison within the experimental group on tennis skills and specific fitness, all variables pairwise with pretest, midtest, and posttest showed a significant difference (*P<.05). (3) The specific physical fitness training was highly effective, content validity was 89, and exercise drill, training load, and recovery time were appropriate for training. Conclusion: The specific fitness training program significantly improved tennis skills and fitness levels in primary school students. The experimental group showed notable improvements in forehand/backhand skills, stroke speed, and specific physical fitness measures (push-ups, sit-ups, wall squats, sit-and-reach) compared to the control group, confirming the program's effectiveness.