Prevalence of Periodontitis among Smoking and Smokeless Tobacco Consumers in the Tribal Population of Central India: A Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: Diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) is directly linked to female infertility and a poor response to ovarian stimulation. This study’s objective was to compare the effects of melatonin (MT) and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) on key ovarian reserve markers. The research focused specifically on women experiencing childlessness due to a significantly reduced ovarian stockpile. Materials and Methods: Data were acquired from 540 participants through clinical examinations and structured interviews at a tertiary health institution and dental camps in tribal communities. The CDC-AAP 2012 case definition was used to evaluate periodontal health and data on tobacco use patterns, dental hygiene practices and sociodemographic characteristics were also acquired. The study employed SPSS v23 for statistical analysis, including Chi-square and t -tests to estimate the correlation between tobacco usage and health of the periodontium. Results: 66.3% of patients had mild and moderate periodontitis, while 21.9% had severe cases. 75.6% of the individuals reported using SLT, with gudakhu (21.6%) and gutkha (41.7%) being the most popular types. The buccal vestibule was the main location where SLT was placed, and 3.4% of users had oral lesions connected to it. Age and tobacco usage were significantly correlated with the severity of periodontitis. Conclusion: The Result of the study highlights the substantial link that exists between the use of SLT by indigenous people in Central India and poor periodontal health. The findings emphasise the need for culturally sensitive public health programs to reduce tobacco use and the prevalence of periodontal disease in these vulnerable groups.