Integrating Blockchain Technology into Telemedicine: A Framework for Enhancing Data Privacy and Security

Telemedicine has emerged as a transformative model of healthcare delivery, leveraging digital technologies to offer remote consultations, real-time monitoring, and improved access to medical expertise. However, this shift introduces complex challenges concerning data privacy, security, and compliance with healthcare regula- tions. This paper proposes a comprehensive framework integrating blockchain tech- nology into telemedicine systems to enhance data security, privacy, transparency, and patient autonomy. By conducting a structured literature review and lever- aging a design science research methodology, this study identifies key vulnerabili- ties in telemedicine ecosystems and demonstrates how blockchain’s decentralized, immutable, and programmable features can be harnessed to address them. The proposed framework encompasses components such as decentralized data man- agement, smart contractbased consent mechanisms, interoperability layers, and patient-centric identity management systems. This integration is evaluated for compliance with global data protection regulations, technical feasibility, and scala- bility. The paper concludes with practical implications for stakeholders, including healthcare providers, policymakers, and patients, and highlights areas for future research including the synergy of blockchain with artificial intelligence and edge computing in health systems.