Challenges in Management of Disseminated Mucormycotic Infection with Endocarditis in an Adult Patient Receiving Liver Transplantation

Mucormycosis is a rare fungal infection. With the recent advancements in diagnostic technologies, including molecular diagnostic techniques, such as PCR and metagenomic next-generation sequencing, the detection rates of mucormycosis have increased. However, its mortality rates remain alarmingly high. Although post-liver transplantation mucormycosis cases are infrequently reported (less than 1%), their mortality rate ranges from 60% to 90%, while mucormycotic endocarditis is even rarer. This article summarizes the clinical manifestations of mucormycosis in a post-liver transplantation adult patient and reviews the existing literature on mucormycotic endocarditis, with the aim of outlining its clinical features, diagnostic challenges, and therapeutic strategies.