Implementing dynamic distance-time conversion factors through real-time traffic data for enhancing urban mobility and service accessibility in South Korea

This study introduces an expanded methodology for smart regional planning tailored to improve public service accessibility. We develop a city-level distance-time conversion factor (DCF) that utilizes regional characteristics to offer more intuitive estimates of travel times and distances in public service planning. This approach integrates three key variables: road network distances, Euclidean straight-line distances, and minimum travel times derived from both speed limits and actual traffic speeds. The DCF, formulated from the circuity factor (CF) and the delay factor (DF), identifies areas with elevated DCF values, particularly in major metropolitan areas. These metrics serve as critical indicators for densely populated areas, marking a substantial improvement over traditional methods of uniform location planning. Our analysis addresses underdevelopment and population density challenges, underscoring the need for adaptable planning strategies. By incorporating real-time traffic data, the DCF provides insights crucial for strategically developing public infrastructure in high-demand regions. This research enhances the existing smart public service planning frameworks, emphasizing the significance of regional-specific strategies. Ultimately, our findings advocate for a tailored approach to infrastructure development, aiming to create more efficient and responsive public services.