Thermochemical Analysis of Maximizing Hydrogen Production from Biogas Through Thermal Decomposition

This study investigates the thermodynamic behavior of biogas conversion into hydrogen using a thermochemical reactor. The equilibrium chemical composition of the gas products was analyzed over a temperature range of 773.2 K to 2273.2 K and pressures up to 0.1 MPa. The results indicate that hydrogen and carbon monoxide concentrations increase with temperature up to approximately 1100 K, beyond which their growth rate diminishes, reaching a maximum between 1300 K and 2000 K. Simultaneously, the mass fraction of solid carbon significantly decreases from 23% to below 5% at temperatures above 1100 K, reducing potential reactor contamination and improving operational reliability. The findings suggest that an optimal temperature for biogas conversion into hydrogen is approximately 1100 K, allowing for the use of heat-resistant structural materials such as high-alloy steels, ceramics, and graphite. The study also highlights the influence of pressure, reaction kinetics, and catalytic effects on hydrogen yield.