Smart Cattle Health Monitoring: A Heat Stress Management System

Heat stress in dairy cattle is a significant challenge due to rising temperatures, which negatively impact their health, productivity, and reproduction. To address this, a real-time monitoring system is developed using multiple sensors, including a temperature and humidity sensor, the MLX90614 infrared sensor for measuring surface temperature, and the MAX30102 pulse oximeter to track pulse rate. In addition,a 3D accelerometer is used to analyze cattle movement patterns. The system employs the STM32BL475E-IOT1A microcontroller to process sensor data, determine the Temperature Humidity Index (THI), and classify cattle activity into three categories: idle,walking, and running.By using NanoEdgeAI, the system executes on-device machine learning for real-time activity classification and behavior analysis. The data is indicated on a local screen and transmitted via Wi-Fi to a web-based dashboard, allowing farmers to monitor cattle health and movement remotely.This intelligent monitoring solution optimizes farm management, enhances animal welfare, and precludes productivity losses caused by heat stress and abnormal activity patterns.