Efficient Integration of Photovoltaic Systems into the Power Grid using DC-DC Boost Converter

In photovoltaic (PV) systems, a DC-DC boost converter is often used to step up the low output voltage of the PV panel to a higher voltage suitable for power conversion or storage. The performance of the PV system can be affected by the need to maintain steady output voltage levels while ensuring that the converter operates efficiently. One of the challenges associated with PV systems is the ripple or fluctuations in current and voltage, especially at the output of the PV array. These fluctuations can cause problems in maintaining a constant output voltage for proper system operation. Typically, a decoupling or filtering capacitance is used to mitigate these fluctuations by smoothing out the ripple. However, the use of large decoupling capacitors in the output of a photovoltaic array can introduce certain inefficiencies, such as increased size, cost, and reduced performance. So, this work addresses the Average Current Mode Control (ACMC) which can be utilized in the control strategy of the boost converter. By improving current regulation at the input of the converter, it reduces the need for large decoupling capacitance. In this work, an appropriate PI controller and lead compensator is designed for a 2kW PV system to regulate the inductor current.