Design and Parametric Analysis of a Textile-Based Patch Antenna for Wearable WBAN Applications

This paper presents the design and study of a textile microstrip patch antenna for Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) use at a frequency of 5.85 GHz, which is part of the Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band. The antenna uses a denim textile substrate and copper radiating elements to make it wearable and flexible. Parametric design optimization of partial ground dimensions, feed width, and feed length was performed to enhance return loss and bandwidth. The designed antenna demonstrates a 150 MHz narrow bandwidth centered around 5.85 GHz at an S11 value of -33 dB and a 6-dB gain maximum. The reliability of the resonance and excellent radiation behavior has been verified using simulations in HFSS, validating its applicability in wearable patient tracking and medical purposes.