Energy storage configuration model for reliability services of active distribution networks

The volatility introduced by the integration of renewable energy poses challenges to the reliability of power supply, increasing the demand for energy storage in distribution networks. Shared energy storage in distribution networks can participate in energy storage allocation as a provider of reliability ancillary services. This paper proposes a novel Nash bargaining based energy storage coordinated allocation method to fully incentivize shared energy storage to participate in reliability services within the distribution network. First, an analytical reliability assessment model is constructed and embedded into the energy storage allocation model, where the impact of renewable energy uncertainty is described using chance constraints. Considering the interests of both the distribution network and shared energy storage operators, a Nash bargaining based energy storage coordinated allocation and benefit sharing mechanism is established, which is then transformed into a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model for efficient solution. Case studies show that the proposed method, through cooperation between the distribution system operator and shared energy storage operators, significantly reduces investment cost of energy storage and ensures a rational distribution of the benefits obtained.