A generalized multi-component analytical method to study the performance of a rockfall barrier under a generic impact condition

The design of rockfall barriers is based on the system’s ability to absorb and dissipate the energy of an impacting block. Although manufacturers have developed different solutions, leading to countless possible on-site installations, the functional components of rockfall barriers remain largely consistent across technologies. In this study, the mechanical behaviour of a generic system is evaluated proposing a global analytical method, derived from the appropriate assembly of its fundamental components. For a given impact energy and position, this model allows estimating the barrier response in terms of maximum deflection of the net, forces in the wire ropes and energy dissipated by dissipating devices, providing an easy-to-use tool for the design. The method is applied to a 1000 kJ rockfall barrier. As real-scale test results are available for centred impacts only, a numerical model was developed to extend the validation to eccentric load cases. Besides being used for design purposes, the model can be utilized in a maintenance plan to assess the most critical components under various impact scenarios.