Molecular characterization of Pathogenic Genital Candida spp. Isolated from Women Attending Antenatal Clinics in Southern Highland Regions, Tanzania

Fungal vaginal infections, especially those caused by Candida species, are common in tropical regions including sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to isolate and genetically characterize Candida species from symptomatic and asymptomatic women attending antenatal clinics in the Southern Highlands of Tanzania between 31st January 2020 and 30th June 2020. A total of 28 Candida isolates were obtained from 280 high vaginal swab samples and identified using chromogenic agar, API test strips, and PCR of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis revealed the predominant species were C. albicans (41%), C. glabrata (18.3%), C. tropicalis (7.1%), C. parapsilosis (1.8%), and C. krusei (31%). Comparative phylogenetic analysis of the ITS sequences showed intraspecific genetic diversity within C. albicans and C. glabrata isolates. This study provides insight into the diversity of pathogenic Candida species colonising women in Southern Tanzania, with C. albicans being most prevalent. Molecular methods enabled precise identification and revealed cryptic genetic variability within medically important Candida species. Candida, antenatal, vagina, infections and virulence