Voltage Trajectory Tracking Control of Input-Constrained DC–DC Buck Power Converters Utilizing Limited Integrator Anti-Windup

Trajectory tracking in dc–dc buck converters is critical for applications requiring precise and dynamic voltage control. Integral-action controllers, commonly used for voltage regulation and trajectory tracking, often fail to account for input constraints, leading to integrator windup and potential instability. To address these challenges, we propose a novel adaptive nonlinear proportional-derivative plus limited integrator anti-windup (PD+LIAW) controller, which, to the best of our knowledge, represents the first solution to integrator windup in trajectory tracking for buck converters. The proposed controller ensures precise tracking of time-varying References, effectively mitigates integrator windup, and delivers robust performance under input saturation and parameter variations. To the best of our knowledge, this work presents the first rigorous Lyapunov-based stability analysis of the LIAW method for trajectory tracking, incorporating adaptation to parameter uncertainties. The experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed algorithm compared to conventional linear proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controllers and state-of-the-art methods, showcasing improved trajectory tracking, enhanced robustness, and effective mitigation of windup-induced instabilities.