High-resolution transient Rayleigh wave method based on different offset distances

This study addresses limitations of conventional surface wave methods—including restricted resolution, source position sensitivity, and low efficiency—using an advanced transient Rayleigh wave technique. By combining dual-channel dispersion analysis with rolling array acquisition, the method achieves meter-scale lateral resolution through cross-correlation-based phase velocity extraction, reduces source effects via multi-offset stacking, and improves efficiency by 3–5 times compared to multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW). Field tests demonstrate enhanced detection capabilities for small-scale anomalies and efficient construction of shear wave velocity profiles. The optimized workflow enables rapid high-resolution shallow subsurface imaging, providing a practical solution for geohazard assessment and infrastructure projects that require cost-effective, scalable subsurface characterization.