Comparison of measured and calculated heat ingress into cargo tanks of liquefied hydrogen carriers during international voyages

Abstract Liquefied hydrogen carriers are an effective transportation means for importing hydrogen. To predict its effectiveness, a method for calculating heat ingress into a liquefied hydrogen carrier was developed. The prediction method was validated by predicting heat ingress into a 1250 m 3 cargo tank loaded on a liquefied hydrogen carrier, measuring the evaporation of liquefied hydrogen stored in the tank, and conducting a long-distance marine transport test. The heat ingress into the carrier was approximately 0.3%/d in terms of the boil-off rate. This proved that owing to the pressure-accumulation design, navigation was possible without releasing hydrogen into the atmosphere.