Integration of Fresnel lens solar concentration in a TEC1-12706 thermoelectric generator prototype

The object of research: This study focuses on the performance of a thermoelectric power generation system using 12 TEC1-12706 modules, with and without the integration of a Fresnel lens as a passive solar concentrator. Investigated problem: The main issue addressed is the inefficiency of thermoelectric generators (TEGs), particularly the low electrical output resulting from insufficient temperature differences (ΔT) under natural environmental conditions. The challenge lies in enhancing the ΔT to improve the electrical power output in outdoor applications, where fluctuating solar irradiance and ambient conditions significantly affect system performance. The main scientific results: The integration of a Fresnel lens was found to significantly increase the ΔT, reaching 18.7°C compared to 16.2°C without the lens. This temperature difference resulted in a voltage of 2 V, a current of 10.86 mA, and a power output of 0.02172 W with the Fresnel lens, compared to 1.68 V, 8.64 mA, and 0.0145 W without it. The results show that using a Fresnel lens enhances the thermoelectric system's efficiency by amplifying the temperature gradient, confirming the feasibility of this approach for small-scale renewable energy applications. It is demonstrated that incorporating the lens optimizes the system's output, especially in tropical regions with high solar radiation. The area of practical use of the research results: The findings can be applied in small-scale, decentralized energy systems, particularly in off-grid or rural areas in tropical regions where sunlight is abundant but access to conventional energy infrastructure is limited. Innovative technological product: The innovative product developed is a thermoelectric power generation system utilizing TEC1-12706 modules enhanced with a Fresnel lens to concentrate solar energy, thereby increasing power output and efficiency. This system offers a low-cost, scalable solution for micro-scale power generation. Scope of the innovative technological product: This technology can be applied in off-grid energy systems for rural communities, remote research stations, or microgrids, offering a sustainable and efficient method of generating electricity in regions with high solar intensity.