Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Bovine Herpervirus Type 1 (BoHV-1) in settlements in the state of São Paulo, Brazil

Family farming is an agricultural activity that plays an important socioeconomic role in several Brazilian regions. In the Pontal do Paranapanema region of São Paulo, Brazil, dairy farming is one of the main agricultural activities generating income for many families. However, despite the region standing out for dairy farming, sanitary problems have been a primary cause of a reduction in production in the region. Among them are diseases caused by Bovine Herpes Virus Type 1 (BoHV-1) that result in respiratory and reproductive alterations in cattle and consequently generate economic losses. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of BoHV-1 in dairy cattle in the settlements of Presidente Epitácio and Mirante do Paranapanema. In total, 168 blood serum samples were evaluated using a virus neutralization technique. The prevalence of BoHV-1 was 69.05% (116/168). This trend was observed in multiparous cows infected with the virus. The high seroprevalence suggests that BoHV-1 is disseminated in these settlements. Therefore, sanitary and control measures must be implemented to reduce the impact of these agents.