Communication efficiency enhancement in underwater wireless sensor networks

Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) are very important in establishing underwater communication. In this UWSNs, the main parameters need to be focused are low latency and energy-efficient data transfer. However, there are problems as a result of dynamic topologies of networks. The acoustic medium's location-dependent and time-communication characteristics make it challenging to collect data in UWSNs in a reliable and energy-efficient way using exceptionally stable links. This research employs a new hybrid optimisation method known as the fish swarm artificial algae algorithm (FS-AAA) for routing scheme over internet monitoring events in UWSNs applications. The developed routing method provides more durable and reliable routing paths for routing packets in UWSNs under shadow zones and connectivity voids. By balancing the traffic load data over the vast network scale, latency and energy consumption issues are reduced when sharing information. The designed protocol's primary multi-objective function is to improve signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), packet delivery probability and quality of service (QoS). Experiment findings show that the developed method outperforms the UWSNs' present routing strategies.