Anthocyanin content in the aboveground organs of Rosa rugosa and Rosa ‘Rotes Phaenomen’ (Rosaceae)

Results of the research of anthocyanin content in shoots, flowers, and hypanthia of Rosa rugosa and its cultivar ‘Rotes Phaenomen’ are reported. Compared to the original species Rosa rugosa, a significant predominance of anthocyanin content in shoots (by 43.1%), flowers (by 38.0%), and hypanthia (by 30.3%) of the ‘Rotes Phaenomen’ cultivar has been revealed. Anatomical examination of the shoots of ‘Rotes Phaenomen’ has demonstrated that all tissues (primary cortex, cambium, phloem, xylem, medullary rays, and heartwood) accumulate purple pigments. High anthocyanin content in the above-ground organs (586.36 ± 15.75 mg/100 g of dry matter in flowers, 205.26 ± 9.12 mg/100 g of dry matter in shoots, and 141.18 ± 10.19 mg/100 g of dry matter in hypanthium pulp) demonstrates the prospect of industrial usage of the ‘Rotes Phaenomen’ cultivar as a valuable source of bioactive compounds. It is recommended to include Rosa ‘Rotes Phaenomen’ into breeding programs for obtaining varieties with high anthocyanin content.