Unveiling the potential: Recent developments in carbon nanomaterial synthesis from soot and its application for desalination

In the realm of nanotechnology, carbon-based materials stand as a testament to how nature's simplest element can inspire boundless innovation. However, challenges including defect-free synthesis, high production costs, purification or separation difficulties, along with scalability constraints, pose significant barriers to their practical and ethical application. In order to provide a sustainable alternative to the growing demand for carbon-based nanoparticles such as graphene, graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and carbon quantum dots (CQDs) for various applications, soot can provide the way for a smarter, greener world. This comprehensive review explores the synthesis methodologies, structural properties, unique characteristics, current applications, and future prospects of carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) derived from soot. Additionally, with carbon-based materials, the promise of turning oceans into drinkable water is no longer a dream but a sustainable reality. Furthermore, it discusses the challenges associated with their implementation and strategies to overcome them, aiming to provide insights into the development of efficient and cost-effective desalination technologies. • Synthesis of carbon nanomaterials from soot and their desalination potential has been reviewed. • Effect of soot source, collection method and purification process on soot properties have been discussed. • Comparison of literature on soot derived carbon nanoparticles.