Capacity configuration optimization of wind-solar-storage systems in park microgrids considering lifecycle carbon emission

The global situation of climate change has become increasingly severe, and countries have been actively advocating the development of microgrid technologies that align with the energy supply-side structural re-form. Microgrids will be an essential component of the new-type power system. This study investigates the capacity configuration optimization of park-level wind-solar-storage microgrids, considering carbon emissions throughout the lifecycle. The study proposes a lifecycle carbon emission measurement model for park microgrids, which includes the calculation of carbon emissions during five stages: the production, transportation, construction, operation and maintenance, and decommissioning. Then, a capacity configuration optimization model for wind-solar-storage systems is developed, incorporating the carbon emission costs throughout the lifecycle into the optimization objective. The optimal capacity configuration scheme is determined through the improved gray wolf optimization algorithm. The results show that the optimal capacity configuration for the new energy units and storage devices in a specific park microgrid results in a reduction of 1.2307 million Chinese Yuan in annual total costs, a decrease in 2.305 × 106 kW h in purchased electricity, and a reduction of 1279.979 tons in carbon emissions. The research findings provide a theoretical foundation and practical guidance for low-carbon optimization of wind-solar-storage systems in park microgrids.