Overcoming Accessibility Barriers for Visually Impaired Learners in Open and Distance Learning (ODL): A Qualitative Study

This study explores the critical issue of accessibility barriers faced by visually impaired learners in Open and Distance Learning (ODL) environments in Malaysia. Although ODL offers flexible and cost-effective learning opportunities, it often fails to adequately support learners with disabilities. Visually impaired students encounter challenges such as inaccessible content, poor compatibility with assistive technologies, and lack of trained academic support. These barriers limit their participation, engagement, and academic success. Using a qualitative research design, the study collects insights through semi-structured interviews with three visually impaired ODL learners and three NGO leaders. The findings are analyzed thematically to identify recurring issues, assistive tools used, and recommended strategies for inclusivity. The study contributes to the literature by aligning with Universal Design for Learning (UDL) and Inclusive Education principles and proposes practical improvements to ensure educational equity. It also supports global goals such as SDG 4, which advocates for inclusive and quality education for all.