A Study of Dengue Fever: Prevalence and Factors Associated to Infection in Pediatric Environment at the Bogodogo Teaching Hospital (CHU-B)

Introduction: Dengue fever is a real public health problem worldwide, particularly in Burkina Faso, due to its high morbidity and mortality. The country regularly experiences outbreaks with enormous consequences. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with infection in children in 2023. Methodology: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection conducted over a 12-month period from January 1, 2023, to December 31, 2023, on suspected dengue cases admitted to the pediatric ward. Results: Of a study population of 206 patients, dengue serology was positive in 82, representing a prevalence of 39.8%. Children in the [61-180] month age group were the most represented (43.2%), and also had the highest number of positive cases (58.4%). The sex ratio (M/F) was 1.22. The majority of patients (52.43%) were IgM-positive, and nearly 38% had NS1 antigen serology. Most positive cases were observed during and just after the rainy season. Dengue fever was associated with malaria in 28% of cases. Conclusion: The prevalence of dengue fever is high among children. The majority had primary dengue fever and did not seek medical attention at the onset of the illness. It is necessary to strengthen hygiene measures and educate mothers to seek medical attention at the onset of fever associated with headaches in children during the rainy season.