<i>Perilla frutescens</i> and Blood Sugar Balance: A Functional Perspective on Diabetes Management - A Review

Perilla frutescens, a cherished herb native to Uttarakhand, India, has been a part of traditional medicine for generations. It is now gaining recognition for its potential in managing Type II Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). This review closely examines the herb’s antidiabetic properties and the bioactive compounds- such as rosmarinic acid, luteolin, and perillaldehyde-that contribute to its therapeutic effects. These compounds are known for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and blood sugar-lowering capabilities. In Uttarakhand, P. frutescens has traditionally been used to treat various metabolic disorders, including diabetes, reflecting the community’s deep-rooted knowledge of natural remedies. Combining this traditional wisdom with modern scientific evidence allows us to explore innovative, holistic strategies to manage T2DM more effectively. This integrated approach highlights the importance of acknowledging and valuing traditional practices while building on them with contemporary research to provide better care for individuals with diabetes. Major Findings: This review highlights the impressive anti-diabetic potential of Perilla frutescens due to its high content of polyphenols, flavonoids, and omega-3 fatty acids. It shows promise in regulating blood glucose levels, reducing oxidative stress, and improving insulin response. It is a valuable functional food candidate for managing Type 2 Diabetes and supporting palliative care.