Therapeutic Potential of <i>Ipomoea reniformis</i>: Pharmacological Applications and Major Bioactive Constituents

The present review explores the therapeutic potential of Ipomoea reniformis, a perennial herb widely used in traditional medicine across India for treating various ailments. The study compiles information on its phytochemical constituents, pharmacognostic characteristics, and extensive pharmacological activities. Methods include microscopic examination of plant parts, phytochemical screening, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, and evaluation of biological activities through in vitro and in vivo models. Microscopic analysis revealed characteristic anatomical features in the leaf, stem, and root tissues. Phytochemical investigations identified bioactive compounds such as iridoids (gardenoside), coumarins (scopoletin), and various fatty acids, sterols, and phenolic acids via GC-MS profiling. Major Findings: A variety of pharmacological actions, such as antioxidant, hepatoprotective, anticonvulsant, antidiabetic, and anticancer effects, are demonstrated by I. reniformis. Its therapeutic potential across metabolic, hepatic, neurological, and oncological disorders was supported by the significant free radical scavenging, α-amylase inhibition, and GABA modulation demonstrated by methanolic extracts.